Chronic beryllium disease: diagnosis and management.
نویسنده
چکیده
Chronic beryllium disease is predominantly a pulmonary granulomatosis that was originally described in 1946. Symptoms usually include dyspnea and cough. Fever, anorexia, and weight loss are common. Skin lesions are the most common extrathoracic manifestation. Granulomatous hepatitis, hypercalcemia, and kidney stones can also occur. Radiographic and physiologic abnormalities are similar to those in sarcoidosis. While traditionally the pathologic changes included granulomas and cellular interstitial changes, the hallmark of the disease today is the well-formed granuloma. Immunologic studies have demonstrated a cell-mediated response to beryllium that is due to an accumulation of CD4+ T cells at the site of disease activity. Diagnosis depends on the demonstration of pathologic changes (i.e., granuloma) and evidence that the granuloma was caused by a hypersensitivity to beryllium (i.e., positive lung proliferative response to beryllium). Using these criteria, the diagnosis of chronic beryllium disease can now be made before the onset of clinical symptoms. Whether, with early diagnosis, the natural course of this condition will be the same as when it was traditionally diagnosed is not known. Currently, corticosteroids are used to treat patients with significant symptoms or evidence of progressive disease.
منابع مشابه
An official American Thoracic Society statement: diagnosis and management of beryllium sensitivity and chronic beryllium disease.
RATIONALE Beryllium continues to have a wide range of industrial applications. Exposure to beryllium can lead to sensitization (BeS) and chronic beryllium disease (CBD). OBJECTIVES The purpose of this statement is to increase awareness and knowledge about beryllium exposure, BeS, and CBD. METHODS Evidence was identified by a search of MEDLINE. The committee then summarized the evidence, dre...
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An increase in chronic beryllium disease (CBD) has been suggested due to higher industrial use of beryllium alloys. Since occupational CBD is a perfect phenocopy of sarcoidosis, it might be misdiagnosed as sarcoidosis. In the current it was hypothesised that CBD exists in cohorts of sarcoidosis patients. In a prospective case study, sarcoidosis patients were evaluated for potential beryllium ex...
متن کاملChronic beryllium poisoning.
In 1933 Weber and Engelhardt reported the first case of acute pneumonitis due to beryllium poisoning. Other instances of the acute reaction to beryllium salts were described by Van Ordstrand, Hughes, DeNardi, and Carmody (1945). Hardy and Tabershaw (1946) gave details of the chronic or delayed form of the disease, and DeNardi, Van Ordstrand, Curtis, and Zielinski (1953) published a review of 46...
متن کاملClinical Guideline for the Diagnosis of Beryllium Sensitization and Chronic Beryllium Disease
This Guideline provides the clinical diagnostic criteria for beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease (CBD; old term = berylliosis), based on the latest available medical literature and consultation with leading experts in the field. This Guideline does not address exposure prevention, workplace safety, or treatment. In addition, this Guideline is not intended to supplant all adjud...
متن کاملValue of beryllium lymphocyte transformation tests in chronic beryllium disease and in potentially exposed workers.
The beryllium lymphocyte transformation test was performed on 16 patients with chronic beryllium disease, 10 subjects (seven patients and three young boys) who were under suspicion, and 117 healthy beryllium workers. The tests gave a positive response in all patients with definite disease and a negative response in the suspected group. Two of the healthy workers had a positive response, indicat...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Environmental Health Perspectives
دوره 104 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1996